Calanthe speciosa

台灣根節蘭

Calanthe speciosa (Bl.) Lindl.

名彙資訊

特徵描述

典藏標本

數位照片

分布位置

相關資訊

名彙資訊

學名發表文獻

Lindl. 1833. The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants 250. (Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.)

台灣首次記錄發表文獻

Su. 1990. Quarterly journal (Bulletin) of the experimental forest of National Taiwan University 4(3): 87. (Quart. J. Exp. For. Natl. Taiwan Univ.)

異名與其在台灣首次使用的文獻

Calanthe clavata Lindl.

S. S. Ying. 1996. Coloured illustrations of indigeous orchids of Taiwan 1: 174. (Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan)
Calanthe formosana Rolfe

Rolfe. 1895. Annals of Botany. Oxford 9(33): 157. (Ann. Bot. (Oxford))
Calanthe pulchra (Bl.) Lindl. var. formosana (Rolfe) S. S. Ying

Ying. 1977. Coloured illustrations of indigeous orchids of Taiwan 1: 430. (Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan)
Calanthe yushuni Mori & Yamam.

Mori & Yamam. 1932. Journal of the Society of Tropical Agriculture 4: 188. (J. Soc. Trop. Agr.)
Styloglossum formosanum (Rolfe) T.P. Lin

Lin et al. 2016. Taiwania 61(2): 118.

各語言俗名

中

台灣根節蘭
日

たいわんえびね、ゆうしゅんきえびね

參考文獻

Lin, T.-P. & Liu, H.-Y. 2025. Taiwania 70(1): 87-124.

特徵描述

生活型

herb

形態特徵

Plants 50-70 cm tall. Rhizomes regularly present, fleshy, to 1 cm in diam., densely rooting at nodes. Pseudobulbs elongate-ovoid or clavate, 4-5 cm long, 1 cm in diam., 5 or 6 nodose, often covered by leaf sheaths.
Leaves 5-10, nearly distichous, oblanceolate, 40-60 cm long, ca. 7-8 cm wide, apex acuminate, base narrowed into a short petiole, mainly 5-nerved.
Scapes 30-40 cm long, with 2 or 3 tubular scales on lower portion, flower bearing portion 10-15 cm long; bracts linear-lanceolate, whitish, 2.5-3 cm long, caducous; pedicel and ovary 15-20 mm long, glabrous. Flowers yellow; dorsal sepal oblong, 12-13 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, acuminate at apex, truncate at base, 5-nerved; lateral sepals similar but slightly oblique; petals obovate, 12 mm long, 6-7 mm wide, acute at apex, contracted at base, 7-nerved, concave; lip connate with column at base, 7-9 mm long, spurred, 3- lobed, lateral lobes ovate-triangular or nearly rectangular, 2.5 mm long, terminal lobe obovate-rectangular, 5 mm long, truncate and slightly undulate at apex, unlobed or slightly 2-lobed near tip, retuse or cuspidate at sinus, disc with 2 raised calli at base, spur 8-10 mm long, slightly curved forward; column stout, 4-5 mm long, connate entire length with base of lip; anther ovate-lanceolate, 3 mm long; pollinia slender, clavate, 2 mm long, attached by short caudicles to viscidium, viscidium linear, 3 mm long; stigma solitary, semilunate; rostellum 3 mm long, acuminate, distinctly protruding beyond column.
This species is very similar to <i>C. lyroglossa</i> in habit, but differs from it in the lip of the flowers having emarginate, truncate and slightly undulate midlobes, and in the longer spur curved forward.

分布

台灣 : forests below 1,500 m in the northern and southern mountainous regions.
世界 : Java, Sumatra and Malaysia, northward to southern China (Hainan and Hong Kong) and the Ryukyus.

引證標本

TAIPEI: Fushihshan, Su & Chen 6747; Wulai, Su & Chen 7405. PINGTUNG: Lanjenchi, Su & Chen 6979; Linungshan, Su 8583. TAITUNG: Chushuipo, Kudo & Mori s. n. Dec 1936; Lanyu Is., Lin s. n. 1972.